Abdul Mohsin, Jamal Zafar, Yasir Bin Nisar, Sayed Muhammad Imran, Kashif Zaheer, Bushra Khizar, Rizwan Aziz Qazi.
Frequency of the metabolic syndrome in adult type2 diabetics presenting to Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences.
J Pak Med Assoc Jan ;57(5):235-8.

Objective: To determine the frequency of metabolic syndrome in both genders, in a limited adult type 2 diabetic population presenting to Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad. Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital. During the six months of study period, 106 adult type2 diabetics were examined and evaluated for the presence of metabolic syndrome according to the ATP-III criteria. Asian standards for the waist circumference were used. Results: Out of 106 patients, 91 (85.8%) had metabolic syndrome of whom 95% were females. Abdominal obesity was present in 91% females and 86% males. Low HDL levels were present in all females and 83% males. Seventy eight percent females and 63% males had elevated levels of triglycerides. Hypertension was present in 68% and 73% females and males respectively. Conclusion: This study showed a very high prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in type2 diabetic population. Females were more affected than males in all respects (JPMA 57:235;2007).

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