Humera Rafiq, Rashid Zia, Ahmad Hameed, Ambreen Hamid, Ayaz Lone, Sobia Ashraf, Samina Naeem.
Study of effects of acute renal failure on haemostasis.
Pak J Med Health Sci Jan ;4(1):19-21.

Acute renal failure (ARF) is an abrupt or rapid loss of renal function due to damage to the kidneys. It results in retention of nitrogenous (urea and creatinine) and non-nitrogenous waste products that are normally excreted by the kidney. This can be with or without a decrement in urine output. Several studies have reported haemostatic abnormalities, both in terms of bleeding and coagulation disturbances. The aim of this study is to observe the role of haemostasis and coagulopathy in acute renal failure as it they are an important determinant of morbidity and mortality. From the analysis of more recent literature data, it is evident that coagulation abnormalities are a consequence of uremia, renal artery damage, and activation of Von willibrand factor, factor VIII and beta-thromboglobin. Ninety patients, both males and females were included in the study. The demographic information Name, Age, Sex and address was noted. The history of present illness was obtained and they were examined for positive signs. Routine laboratory investigations CBC (Haemoglobin, TLC, DLC and platelet count) were carried out on sysmex KX21 and verified by peripheral smear examination. Serum urea and creatinine levels were obtained to establish ARF and see the degree of renal insult.Following tests were carried out to establish coagulopathy. Platelet count, Bleeding Time, Prothrombin time, Activated partial thromboplastin time and Fibrinogen levels. Out of 90 patients bleeding time was raised in 30%, raised PT in 45%, raised APTT in 46% and raised fibrinogen levels in 18%.

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