Ejaz A, Tarar Mr, Naeem T, Naeem Ma, Ijaz S, Qureshi M.
Frequency of multidrug resistant and extensively drug resistant organisms in tracheal aspirates – experience at a tertiary care hospital.
Biomedica Jan ;32(2):77-82.

Background and Objective: The multidrug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) organisms are a common problem globally, especially in Intensive Care Units (ICUs). The objective of this study was to determine the frequency and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of organisms isolated from tracheal aspirates of ICU patients and classify these into either of the two groups. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of laboratory records of tracheal aspirates obtained from patients admitted in the ICU of Shalamar Teaching Hospital over a period from 01 August 2012 to 31 July 2015 submitted for culture/sensitivity. The tracheal aspirates with positive culture/sensitivity were analyzed with SPSS ver. 21 using One – way ANOVA test for each antibiotic against different bacterial species. Results: Out of 98 samples, 79 had positive growth and 19 yielded no growth whereas 5/79 yielded two types of organisms. Overall, 84 isolates were available for analysis, 61/84 were Gram negative rods whereas 8/84 were Gram positive cocci. Fifteen had fungal growth. Based on sensitivity profile, the isolates were classified as XDR, MDR and those with normal sensitivity pattern. Conclusions: Majority of the isolates belonged to XDR (56.5%) or MDR (37.6%) whereas only a few (5.8%) had normal sensitivity pattern. This situation is alarming for patient management and infection control/prevention in hospitals.

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