Moazzam Ali Naqvi, Abdul Sattar, Muhammad Ejaz, Amna Sabir.
In hospital mortality and hyponatremia in patients presenting with Heart Failure.
J Cardiovascular Dis Jan ;14(1):1-4.

INTRODUCTION: Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte abnormality in patients with heart failure(HF). It is independently associated with increased short-term and long-term morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to find the association between in-hospital mortality and hyponatremia in patients presenting with heart failure. MATERIAL AND METHODS:This cohort study was conducted at Department of Cardiology, Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore from 18-12-2015 to 17-06-2016 (six months). Informed consent and demographic details were taken. Then baseline investigations were done and sodium level was noted. The factors like LV ejection fraction, anemia (Hb<11.5g/dl in females and <12.5g/dl in males) and serum potassium levels (3.5-4.5mcq/L) were also noted in both the groups. Then patients were followed-up in cardiology ward for 5 days. During hospital stay, if any patient expired then in-hospital mortality was labeled. All this information was collected on a pre-designed Proforma.360 patients in each group (patietns with and without hyponatremia) were studied. RESULTS: Mean age of cases and controls was 60.66±11.59 and 60.09±11.96 years respectively. Among cases there were 167(46.4%) male and 193(53.6%) female patients while in control group there were 159(44.2%) male and 201(55.8%) female patients. There were 75(20.8%) cases and 30(8.3%) controls who had in hospital mortality. RR=2.50 for in hospital mortality among cases, p-value<0.001. CONCLUSION: Hyponatremia in hospitalized patients with a diagnosis of HF, either present on admission or developing during the hospital stay, is common and independently associated with poor outcomes like short term and long mortality and other relevant co morbidities.

PakMediNet -Pakistan's largest Database of Pakistani Medical Journals - http://www.pakmedinet.com