Nighat Majeed, Nadia Majeed, Manal Ikram.
Prevalence of Echocardiographic Abnormalities in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.
Proceeding Shaikh Zayed Postgrad Med Comp Jan ;23(1):41-6.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of systolic and diastolic dysfunction in patients of chronic renal failure on conservative management. Background: Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease. Determining the spectrum of echocardiographic abnormalities in these patients can help the prevention of mortality in this group of chronically ill patients. Methods: 100 adult patients with chronic renal failure and 100 healthy controls who underwent echocardiography during November 2008 till March 2009 were enrolled. Complete 2-D, M-mode, Doppler and color Doppler study were performed for each patient and they were recorded. The left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) were taken as measures of LV systolic function. Diastolic function was determined by measuring E/A ratio by spectral doppler LV inflow velocity. Results: The mean age of patients was 50 and 52% were female. The mean age of control was 48 and 54% were female Mean blood urea of patients was 61±.38mg/dl, and mean serum creatinine was 3.8±2.38 mg/dl. Mean blood urea of controls was 24.9600±.86 and serum creatinine of control population was 1.81±3.2. Echocardiographic abnormalities were observed in 93% patients of renal failure. The mean cardiac dimensions were right ventricular diastolic dimension: 18±0.05 mm, inter-ventricular septal dimension: 12±1.2 mm, end diastolic dimension: 52±10 mm, end systolic dimension: 38.79±9.4 mm and ejection fraction: 52±11. Mean ejection fraction was 52%, and ejection fractionless than 50% was observed in 45% patients. Mean fractional shortening was 29% in patients with chronic renal failure and 30% in control population. The mean E/A ratio in CRF group 0.86 and it was 1.2 in control group. Conclusion: Echocardiographic abnormalities are very common in patients suffering from renal disease, so periodic echocardiographic examination for diagnosis and treatment of cardiac abnormalities is highly recommended.

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