Musarrat Hussain, Riaz Hussain, Gul Sharif, Muhammad Uzair, Safir Ullah Khalil.
Frequency & Causes of Conversion of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy to Open Cholecystectomy.
Ophthalmol Update Jan ;14(1):75-8.

Objective: To determine the frequency and causes of conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open cholecystectomy. Materials & Methods: This Descriptive cross sectional study was conducted at surgical D unit of Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar from July 2014 to August 2015, on 145 patients with symptomatic gallstones disease. All patients were followed throughout the procedure to see any conversion and its causes. The demographic and clinical data of all the patients were collected using a specially designed proforma and data was analyzed with SPSS version-17. Results: A total of 145 patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy during the study period. The mean age was 40.65� 10.35 SD and age ranges from 20-68 years. The total number of cases converted to open cholecystectomy were 17 out of 145 patients. Thus frequency of conversion was 17 (11.7%) with commonest cause being adhesions 8 (5.5%) followed by hemorrhage 4 (2.76%). Moreover, conversions were more in male patients 30% as compared to 8.8% in females. Conclusions: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard treatment modality in the management of symptomatic gallstones disease. One of its limitations is conversion to open procedure in difficult cases. But conversion should not be considered as complication of the procedure rather it is mature decision by the surgeons to avoid unnecessary lengthening the duration of surgery once they encounter any difficulty or intraoperative complication.

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