Sahibzada Masood Us Syed, Mudassar Hussain, Saleh Muhammad, Syed Shah Hassan, Syeda Fatima Masood, Syed Ahmad Zunnoor, Sarah Sherazi, Mujahid Hussain.
Prevalence of Depressive Disorder among Secondary School Students in City Sialkot, Pakistan.
Pak Paed J Jan ;45(1):103-8.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of depression in secondary school students and its association with socio-demographic status Study Design: Cross-sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Nine student academies located in city Sialkot, Pakistan from August 2019 till January 2020. Material and Methods: The Beck`s Depression Inventory-II (Urdu translated) was administrated to the students to see the prevalence and severity levels of depression. Moreover, the depressive problem was associated with socio-demographic variables e.g. family type (nuclear/joint) or possession of mobile phone of any brands using Chi-square test. Results: Of 208 subjects, 40 revealed depression (prevalence rate = 19.2%: Mild 13.0% and moderate 6.2%).A female student had 5-fold more likelihood of the problem than male under study (95% CI : 2.205 - 11.553, p = .0001). A higher rate of overall depression was seen in students from nuclear (30.1%) compared to joint family system (8.6%) (p = .0001). However, the rate was seen slightly lower in Grade 9 than 10 (18.3 vs. 20.2%, respectively; p = .73).Sadness (58.7%) was found to be a remarkable clinical variable for depression followed by concentration difficulty and self-criticalness. Conclusion: Depression exists among 1/5th population of the secondary school students. There is need of awareness among parents and teachers to help the depressed students.

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