Mansoor Ahmad, Muhammad Ali.
Role of transabdominal ultrasound in the diagnosis of Ectopic Pregnancy.
Pak J Med Res Jan ;42(4):167-73.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of transabdominal ultrasonography in the early detection of ectopic pregnancy. Scope: This study was aimed to reduce the risk of maternal mortality and morbidity by confirming the role of ultrasound in early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy, only spurapubic ultrasonography was used during this study. In earlier studies it is not mentioned as unique model. Design: It was an analytic study of binary response data, data was collected by purposive sampling technique and results were analyzed statistically with binomial approximation to normal variable. Place and duration of study: Study was conducted over a period of one year in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Patients and method: On the whole 5700 patients attended the outpatient department and emergency labor wards of Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Out of these 34 patients were provisionally diagnosed for having ectopic pregnancy. On the basis of history and clinical examination. On history most common finding was amenorrhoea of short duration, presence of at least one of the risk factors and sometimes syncope. Most common clinical symptoms were vaginal bleeding and lower abdominal pain. Patients were further evaluated with transabdominal ultrasound. After analyzing internal architecture prospective sonographic diagnosis was made which was then confirmed on laparotomy done for these patients. Results: In our study the most common site of ectopic pregnancy was fallopian tubes. Results confirmed on laparotomy showed that positive diagnosis were made in 88.2% of cases and false positive diagnosis in 11.3% cases. Conclusion: Efficacy of ultrasound was 88.2% in the early detection of ectopic pregnancy and hence plays a very important role in reducing the maternal morbidity and mortality associated with this condition.

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