Muhammad Umar Farooq, Iqbal Haider, Muhammad Mohsin, Khawar Naeem Satti, Sana Ahmed, Mueez Ehtizaz.
Association of Severity of Coronary Artery Disease and HbA1c Levels in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome.
J Sharif Med Dent Coll Jan ;9(1):27-31.

Objective: To determine the levels of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) among patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and compare the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) with glycosylated haemoglobin levels. Methodology: It was a comparative cross-sectional study carried out in the Department of Cardiology, Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, from January to July 2020. After taking ethical approval and written informed consent, 100 patients with ACS were recruited by non-probability consecutive sampling. Glycosylated haemoglobin was measured using an immunoassay and patients were labeled as diabetic & non-diabetic. Coronary angiography was done and patients were categorized as having single vessel coronary artery disease (SVCAD), double vessel coronary artery disease (DVCAD) or triple vessel coronary artery disease (TVCAD), minor CAD or normal coronary arteries. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 was used to analyze the data. Results: Patients' mean HbA1c levels were 7.52+/-2.69%. Thirty seven patients were diabetic. When compared to non-diabetic patients, diabetic patients had significantly higher rates of TVCAD and DVCAD (p-value=0.00003). Single vessel disease and minor CAD were more frequent in non-diabetic patients. Single vessel disease was present in 5(13.5%) diabetic and 30(47.6%) non-diabetic patients. Minor CAD was found in 1(2.7%) diabetic and 8(12.7%) non-diabetic patients. This difference was statistically significant (p-value=0.001). Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus significantly predicts the severity of coronary artery disease. The severity of CAD is greater in diabetic patients, with the majority of the patients presenting with TVCAD and DVCAD. In contrast, minor CAD or SVCAD is more common among non- diabetics. Keywords: HbA1c. Coronary artery disease. Acute coronary syndrome.

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