Najwa Zahoor, Anashia Kayani, Zafar Amin, Raheel Khan, Gul Sanam, Tehmina Arshad.
Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in acute abdomen taking operative findings as gold standard.
Pak J Radiol Jan ;33(4):181-6.

Introduction: Ultrasonography (USG) of abdomen is common investigations asked by the surgeon in acute abdominal conditions. USG supercedes other radiological imaging modalities as it is easily available, cost effective, portable, no known side effects, noninvasive and requires minimal patient preparation. Aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in acute abdomen considering diagnoses of acute appendicitis, Pneumoperitoneum secondary to gut perforation and acute cholecystitis, taking operative findings as gold standard. It is a Cross-sectional validation study conducted at the Armed Forces Institute of Radiology and Imaging, (AFIRI) Rawalpindi, Pakistan from17 th May 2022 to 16 th November 2022. Materials & Methods: A total of 342 patients with acute abdomen of duration of symptoms <= 48 hours were included. Patients with pregnancy, Patients with gynecological causes of acute abdomen, renal tract colic presenting as acute abdomen, acute pancreatitis, gastric or duodenal ulcers and known neoplasm were excluded. After this, ultrasound was performed using ultrasound machine with live 2-D mode (rapid B-mode) and transducer frequencies between 3- 11 MHz and findings were noted. After this patient that are operated or underwent laparotomy on the basis of USG findings were selected and their findings were compared with USG findings. Results: In my study, overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in acute abdomen considering diagnoses of acute appendicitis, Pneumoperitoneum secondary to gut perforation and acute cholecystitis, taking operative findings as gold standard was 91.67%, 84.78%, 89.90%, 87.31% and 88.89% respectively. Conclusion: This study concluded that diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in acute abdomen is quite high.

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