Sulaiman Emran Alemran.
Congenital absence of permanent second molars: a preliminary study.
J Pak Dent Assoc Jan ;15(4):193-4.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of congenital absence of permanent second molars among orthodontic patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The material consisted of a retrospective review of 1215 pre-treatment panoramic radiographs. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: The results of this investigation revealed insignificant incidence of congenital absence of permanent second molars among of orthodontic patients (0.0024%). However, it was present only in female patients, and the anomaly was significantly more frequent in the mandibular arch than the maxillary arch. Furthermore, teeth agenesis was also noted in all affected patients including the third molars.

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