Rashid Jooma, Riaz Memon.
A Practical Approach to the Management of Low Back Pain.
Pak J Med Sci Jan ;17(4):197-202.

Low back pain affects young adults between the ages of 30 and 50 years and is the most expensive cause of work related disability and results in major worker’s compensation and medical expenses. Nonspecific strains and sprains are the major cause of low back pain seen in the outpatient clinic. History and physical examination can exclude the serious causes of low back pain and while plain radiography is often helpful initially, advanced imaging is best reserved for surgical candidates. Bed rest is initially recommended for only 2 or 3 days and patients should be reassured as to the favorable natural history of low back pain and encouraged to return to work. Symptomatic treatment with analgesia and muscle relaxants should be advised. Back exercises should be restricted in the acute phase but advised for prevention of recurrence and alleviation chronic low back pain. Neurosurgeons can be an invaluable resource in the management of low back pain as they are the only physicians who routinely treat the entire spine.

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