Syed Saleem Abbas Jafri, Muhammad Nawaz Chughtai.
The effectiveness and comparison of three different alfha-1 adrenergic blockers for the medical management of distal ureteral stones.
J Allama Iqbal Med Coll Jan ;7(3):6-11.

OBJECTIVES:- Alpha1-adrenergic antagonists have recently been shown to increase the spontaneous passage of distal ureteral stones. We evaluated the efficacy of 3 different Alpha 1-adrenegic blockers for this purpose. MATERIALS AND METHODS:- A total of 100 patients between 16 and years 65 old who have ureteral stones were included in the study. These one hundred patients were divided into 4 groups. Group A consisted of 25 patients and acted as control group. Group B comprised of 25 patients who received tamsolusin, Group C consisted of 25 patients receiving terazosin and Group D, 25 patients receiving doxazosin. These drugs were given to the patients for up to one month. The patients were controlled with urinary ultrasonography and X. Ray of kidney, ureters and bladder. The number of pain episodes, analgesic dosage and the number of days for spontaneous passage of the calculi through the ureter were also recorded. Results:- There were no statistically significant difference between the groups, with respect to age, sex, height, stone size and localization. The calculi passed through the ureter spontaneously in 13 patients in Group A (52%), in 20 patients in Group B (80%), in 19 patients in Group C (76%) and in 20 patients in Group D (80%). In Group B to D the number of pain episodes, expulsion time and analgesic dosage were found to be lower compared with those in Group A. Conclusions:- Alpha 1- adrenergic blockers increase the frequency of spontaneous passage of the distal ureteral calculi. All the three drugs tested were equally efficacious.

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