Khairunnisa Nizam, Gulfareen Haider, Nizamuddin Memon, Ambreen Haider.
Cesarean section rate: much room for reduction.
Rawal Med J Jan ;35(1):19-22.

Objective: To determine the cesarean section (CS) rate and to evaluate the factors leading to increased CS rates so that preventive measures can be adopted to safely reduce the CS rate. Patients and Methods: This descriptive observational study was conducted in gynecology ward of Nawabshah Medical College Hospital, Sindh, Pakistan from November 2008 to January 2009. A total 656 patients who underwent CS were included in the study. After taking informed consent, data were collected regarding sociodemographics, parity, reason of CS, fetal and maternal outcome and booking status. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 15. Results: Frequency of CS was 41.4%. Out of 656 patients, 286 (43.59%) were in age group of 31-40 years. Majority of them i.e. 525(80%) were unbooked, while 131(19.96%) patients were booked. In 539(82.16%) patients, CS was done in emergency while in 117(17.83%) patients it was done electively. Regarding indications, most common was obstructed labor, which was seen in 160(24.39%) followed by previous CS seen in 99(15%) patients. Regarding maternal morbidity, most common was UTI seen in 49(7.46%), followed by PPH 44(6.70%). Regarding fetal outcome, 553(84.2%) fetus were born alive, 72 (10.97%) were fresh still birth and 129(23.3%) newborns died in early neonatal period. Conclusion: CS rate is quiet high in population and common causes are obstructed labor and repeat CS. (Rawal Med J 2010;35:19-22).

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