Ashok K Tanwani, K A Abbas.
Bacterial isolates from clinical material with their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in Children`s Hospital, Islamabad.
Pak J Pathol Jan ;8(4):15-20.

This report is based on a retrospective analysis of the culture reports generated during one year period in the microbiology department of children`s hospital. Bacterial isolates were obtained from various specimens sent to the laboratory for culture and sensitivity test. The specimens were routinely cultured and processed by standard techniques. The results showed that out of total 11508 clinical specimens. 2035 (17.7%) were positive. The main pathogens isolated from 2099 urine samples were Escherichia coli E. coli 60% and proteus 10.8%. Both were sensitive in more than 90% samples to nalidixic acid and cefotaxime. Nitrofurantion was also effective for E. coli and amikacin for proteus in the majority, Cotrimoxazole, amoxycillin and chloramphenical not so effective. Salmonella species obtained from blood cultures was highly sensitive to ofloxacin, ceftazidime, cefotaxime and azatreonam. Commonly used antibiotics for salmonella infections including chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole, amoxycillin were effective only in 23-38% samples. Staphylococcus aureus (S aureus), Pseudomonas and proteus were the commonest organisms isolated from purulent discharge from various sites. S.aureus were found to be sensitive to cephalosporins and chloramphenicol in the majority but only 38% to erythromycin and 32% to amoxycillin. Pseudomonas were sensitive to ceftazidime and azatreonam in 95% samples but not much to others. As expected the commonest pathogens isolated from throat swabs were Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Hemophilus influenzae. The effective antibiotics for Streptococci were amoxycillin, cephradine, erythromycin, chloramphenicol and penicillin but not cotrimoxazole. Full details of the pathogens and their sensitivity pattern is given in the text. The paper helps to focus on the current sensitivity pattern of different pathogens, and in the absence of easy and ready access to culture facilities, may help the paediatrician in proper selection of antibiotics for treating common bacterial infections in children.

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