Muhammad Tariq Bashir, Adnan Bashir, Madiha Rasheed.
Fluorides in the groundwater of Punjab.
Pak J Med Health Sci Jan ;6(1):132-5.

Out of total number of sample analyzed for fluoride, 43.5% had fluoride less than 0.5mg/I, which require fluoridation, 26.4% were in the desirable range, whereas 29.7% had fluoride in excess, which need defluoridation. Investigation on defluoridation indicated that flocculation with alum was effective, but the efficiency was alkalinity dependent. The adsorption approach for treating water supplies to remove fluoride is also considered effective. For fluoridation, addition of fluoride in the toothpaste and mouthwash paste has proved to be effective.

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