Shafique Ahmad, Shehzad Ahmad, Mohammad Kashif.
Frequency of Modifiable Risk Factors at the Time of Myocardial Infarction and at Twelve Months Follow Up.
Pak J Med Health Sci Jan ;6(3):779-82.

Objective: To determine the frequency of modifiable risk factors for coronary disease at the time of first MI and after one year follow up. Study design: Prospective study Place and duration of study: Department of Cardiology and CCU Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur from 1st August 2010 to 31st July 2012. Methodology: In this study, 200 cases presenting with typical chest pain and either with suggestive changes on ECG or a specific rise in serum cardiac enzymes were enrolled. We recorded the demographic data including age, gender, weight, height and the other independent variables of the patients in a predefined proforma. The traditional cardiovascular risk factors (smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, sedentary life style, obesity) were noted. All of these patients were kept on regular follow up and the data regarding the modifiable risk factors was again recorded after twelve months. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 10. Results: Out of 1000 enrolled patients, 25% (n=250) didn’t come for follow up. In the remaining 75% (n=750) of cases, 64% (n=480) were males with a mean age of presentation 57±07 years. Major documented modifiable risk factors at the time of acute myocardial infarction were diabetes mellitus (48%), hypertension (46%) and smoking (45%). At twelve months, frequency of poor glycemic control was found to be 18%. Non-affordability was the major issue (34% of patients) underlying the poor control over the disease and its associated risk factors. Conclusion: Most of the patients on regular follow up can have a better control of modifiable risk factors of coronary artery disease. Lack of adherence with the treatment, non-affordability and lack of proper advice by the doctors are the identifiable etiologies in the patient group who were not having proper control of these risk factors.

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