Salma Razzaque, Fadieleh Aidrus, Shaista Ghazal, Ajeet Kumar, Muhammad Ishaq Ghauri.
Secondhand Smoking Related Headache in Medical Colleges in Karachi, Pakistan.
Ann Abbasi Shaheed Hosp Karachi Med Dent Coll Jan ;20(2):116-20.

Objective: The primary aim of our study was to determine the frequency of headache in medical students exposed to secondhand smoking, as well as observing response of non-smoker medical students for passive smoking. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at three private colleges of Karachi in June 2014, sample size was 300. The inclusion criteria were medical students between 18-25 years of age who were non-smokers, exposed daily once or more to secondhand smoking. Students were inquired about age, gender, duration, location and frequency of exposure to passive smoking and presence or absence of secondhand smoking related headache and response and behavior of smokers observed by non-smoker students to counselling. Result: Out of 290 students 186 (64.1%) complained of headache related to passive smoking, 172 (59%) were exposed in medical colleges. Of 127 (43%) had been exposed to passive smoking more than two times a day. Although 255 (88%) out of 290 students favoured prohibition of smoking at public place, but only 90 (31%) did practical attempt to advise smokers to stop smoking at public place. Response of smokers was good, 73% students believed that smokers gave positive response to their advice. Conclusion: There appears to be a high frequency of headache related to secondhand smoking. Hence, students should be provided special training skills to council the smokers to avoid smoking at public place; moreover we also need practical implementation of laws against smoking at public place

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