Waseem Said, Tayyab Saeed Akhtar, Muhammad Khurram, Hamama Tul Bushra.
Misdiagnosed Cavernous Malformations of Brain.
J Rawal Med Coll Jan ;18(1):164-5.

Arteriovenous malformations, cavernous malformations (CMs), venous angiomas, and capillary telengiectasias are four main central nervous system (CNS) vascular malformations. Of these CMs are found in 0.5- 0.7% of the general population.1,2 CMs are composed of low flow abnormal vessels and are of familial or sporadic type. Familial CMs are autosomal dominant transmitted and are associated with CCM-1, CCM-2 and CCM-3 genes.1 Supra tentorial brain CMs are common as compared to the infra tentorial.1,2Most of the CNS CMs remain stable and asymptomatic. Occasionally these grow and are complicated by recurrent haemorrhages.3 CMs located in brain stem have 30 times higher risk of hemorrhage compared to other locations.4 A number of clinical scenarios can complicate CNS CMs. Subarachnoid or intraparenchymatous haemorrhages, seizures, and fluctuating or slowly progressive neurologic deficit are the listed complications.5,6 This case report describes a patient with CMs who was misdiagnosed as neoplastic lesion of brain.

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