Uzma Sajjad, Irtza Ali, Zubair Akram.
Frequency of Contrast Induced Nephropathy (CIN) Following Exposure to Contrast in Coronary Angiography, in Diabetics with Previously Normal Renal Function.
Ann King Edward Med Uni Jan ;22(1):12-6.

Introduction: Contrast – induced nephropathy (CIN), is an acute kidney injury state, which has managed to catch the attention of cardiologists, as a result of incre- asing cardiac invasive interventions. Lately there has been a lot of research to get insight in the etiology, pathogenesis, recognition, diagnosis and prevention of CIN, so that the long term adverse effects can be avoi- ded. Much of the research has been in the form of retrospective or observational studies on groups of pat- ients undergoing angiographic contrast exposure. Objective: The objective of the study was to: Determine the frequency of CIN in diabetics under- going coronary angiography. Study Design: Case series. Settings: Department of Cardiology, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. Duration of Study: Six months (1st June, 2014 to 30th November, 2014). Subjects and Methods: 155 patients fulfilling the selection criteria were included in the study. They were admitted through medical emergency and out- door department and admitted in CCU, Jinnah Hospi- tal Lahore. Written informed consent was taken. Pati- ent related information (name, age, sex and address) was obtained. These patients underwent coronary angi- ography. Post angiogram, serum analysis was done daily during hospital stay of patient to assess serum creatinine. CIN was labeled as per operational definit- ion and thus frequency of CIN in type I and type II diabetics undergoing angiography was determined by serial creatinine monitoring. Results: The frequency of increase in serum create- nine ≥ 0.5 mg/dl after PCI leading to CIN in diabetics undergoing coronary angiography was recorded in 7.10% (n = 11) out of a total of 155 cases. Conclusion: We concluded that the frequency of CIN is not very high in diabetic patients undergoing coro- nary angiography. However, it continues to be a clini- cally challenging adverse event in all patients, espe- cially diabetics, having coronary angiography for diag- nostic or therapeutic purposes. Therefore, these pati- ents should be recognized and monitored carefully to avoid long-term adverse effects of CIN.

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