Rahat Hasan, Asifa Dian, Muhammad Hanif, Azam Yusuf, Hamid Hassan.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Laparoscopic Versus Open High Ligation for Varicocele.
Ann Pak Inst Med Sci Jan ;9(2):68-73.

Objective: To evaluate the advantages of laparoscopic and conventional open high ligation of varicocele in terms of post-operative stay and postoperative pain Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled trial including 80 patients suffering from varicocele was conducted at Surgical Unit I of Benazir Bhutto Hospital in 2012. All the patients underwent high ligation of varicocele. Out of 80 patients 40 underwent open high ligation of varicocele and 40 patients underwent laparoscopic high ligation of varicocele. The outcome of both the techniques was evaluated in terms of post operative pain and length of hospital stay. Results: The mean age of the patients was 23.24.84 years. Out of 80 varicoceles, 69 (86.3%) were on the left side. 23 (28.75%) patients had grade 1, 36 (45%) had grade 2 and 21 (26.25%) had grade 3 varicoceles. Open and laparocopic high ligation of varicocele came out with similar results with respect to age, side and grade of varicocele (p >0.05). Mean operative time for the open high ligation of varicocele was 38.75 ± 7.8 minutes and that for laparoscopic high ligation of varicocele was 30.48 ± 10.6 minutes (p= 0.000). Mean pain score was at 12 hours postoperatively for open high ligation of varicocele was 5.22 ± 1.84 and that for laparoscopic high ligation of varicocele was 3.75 ± 1.05 (p= 0.000). The Mean postoperative hospital stay was significantly less in the laparoscopic high ligation of varicocele group as compared to open high ligation of varicocele group (p= 0.001). Conclusion: Laparoscopic high ligation of varicocele had shorter operative time and lesser postoperative hospital and lesser postoperative pain as compared to that of open high ligation of varicocele.

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