Muhammad Shafqat Iqbal, Muhammad Ashfaque, Muhammad Akram.
Gastric Fluid Volume & pH: A Comparison of Effects of Ranitidine Alone with Combination of Ranitidine and Metoclopramide in Patients Undergoing Elective Caesarean Section.
Ann King Edward Med Uni Jan ;2(6):189-91.

Seventy five patients undergoing elective caesarean section under general anaesthesia were randomly divided into three groups of twenty rive patients each to receive placebo (group I), H-2 receptor blocker, ranitidine (group 11) and combination of H-2 receptor blocker and prokinetic drug, metoclopramide (group III). Gastric fluid volume >25 ml was recorded in sixteen (64%) patients in-group I, in three (12%) patients in-group 11 and in six (24%) patients in-group HL Gastric fluid pH <2.5 was recorded in sixteen (64%) patients in group I, in one (4%) patient in group H and no patient in group HL Group H and HI patients were not statistically significantly different (p-value < 0.05) regarding both the parameters but group I patients were at a high risk (60%) of aspiration pneumonitis when compared to group 11 and HI (p-value > 0.05)

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