Ashfaq Ahmed, Israr-ul Haq, Musa Kaleem, Hamayoun.
Pattern of congenital heart diseases in children with Down Syndrome.
J Saidu Med Col Jan ;7(2):67-71.

BACKGROUND: Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal disorder and is the most common single cause of mental handicap .Congenital heart disease is the most common anomaly, which affects morbidity and mortality in children with Down syndrome. This study was conducted in district swat to determine pattern and prevalence of Congenital Heart Disease in children with Down syndrome. OBJECTIVES: To determine the pattern and prevalence of congenital heart diseases in hospitalized children with Down syndrome and to compare clinico-demographic features of “down syndrome” cases with and without congenital heart disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross sectional case series was conducted at department of pediatrics, Saidu teaching hospital, Saidu Sharif, Swat for eleven months from April 2015 to March 2016 in 60 children with Down syndrome, pattern of congenital heart disease was determined. They were investigated by echocardiography. RESULTS: Out of 60 children with Down syndrome, 65% were males and 35% females. Majority 51.7% were from 01 day to 11 months old. Majority 70% patient's mothers were 31-40 years old. Congenital heart disease found in 33.33% cases, with 26.66% cases acyanotic heart disease and 6.67% cases cyanotic heart disease. Out of 33.33% cases with congenital heart disease, ventricular septal defect was found in 45% cases. Atrio-venticular canal defect in 25% cases, Tetralogy of fallot in 15% cases, atrial septal defect in 10% cases, Transposition of the great arteries with ventricular septal defectin 5% cases. CONCLUSIONS: Congenital heart disease is a common finding in Down syndrome. Congenital heart disease is more common in male Down syndrome cases. Acyanotic heart disease outnumbered the frequency of cyanotic heart disease.

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