Marium Haroon, Sana Adeeba Islam, Samia Shiraz, Sherish Rahman, Anum Anjum, Gulenoor Mansoor.
The Correlation Of Halitosis, Oral Hygiene Practices And Smoking Habits Among The Undergraduate Dental Students Of Karachi.
Pak Oral Dental J Jan ;37(1):105-9.

The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of oral hygiene practices, self perceived halitosis and smoking habits among undergraduate students at the Dental Institutes of Karachi. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed among all male and female students. The questionnaire was developed to assess the self reported perception of oral breath, awareness of bad breath, timing of bad breath, treatment received for bad breath, oral hygiene practices, caries and bleeding gums, dryness of the mouth, smoking and tea drinking habits, and tongue coating. This study concludes firstly that poor oral hygiene attitude results into the bad breath or halitosis formation and secondly most of the subjects had no hindrance in communication for social relations and social situations due to halitosis though it is a social handicap factor in society.

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