Khola Ahmad Khan, Mariyah Javed, Ahmad Waqas Javed.
Effect of smoking on oral epithelium in oral submucous fibrosis patients in local population.
Pak Oral Dental J Jan ;35(4):586-90.

Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSF) is a pre-cancerous condition that has ability to get malignant transformation. The main causative factors of OSF are smoking, betel nut, pan masala, gutka, naswar, chalia etc. The chemicals used in all these cause dysplastic changes into the oral mucosa epithelium and eventually leads to malignant transformation into Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). The aim of the present study was to observe the dysplastic changes in buccal mucosa associated with smoking in OSF patients. Forty patients of all age groups and both genders were evaluated as per inclusion and exclusion criteria and written informed consent was taken. The study was done at the Department of Pathology (Histopathology Section), Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore. Biopsy specimens from study participants were obtained from Punjab Dental Hospital, Lahore. Punch biopsy was performed under local anesthesia, and the sample size measuring 5mm was taken from the buccal mucosa. Staining with Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) was done after tissue specimens were fixed and processed. The prepared slides were seen under light microscope to record the dysplastic changes in epithelium. Statistical significance was evaluated by c2 analysis and showed significant association of Age with history of smoking and duration of smoking with the value p=0.001 & p=0.002 respectively. Also the significant association was found between Dysplastic changes in OSF patients with age, history of smoking and duration of smoking (p= 0.05, p=0.00, p=0.03 respectively). This suggests that patients who are 31-45 years of age with more than 10 years of smoking history showed moderate dysplastic changes than patients age range18-30 with 5 years or less than 10 years of smoking history showed mild dysplastic changes. In local population no such related study has been done so study must be conducted to rule out the dysplastic changes exhibiting in buccal mucosa of OSF patients with smoking history.

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