Faria Malik, Tariq Zulfiqar, Mubashir Razaque, Hanaa Noor Malik.
Paucity Of Nosocomial Surveillance Programmes, Infection Prevention And Control Practices In Pakistan: Impact Of International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium In The Developing Countries (INICC).
Esculapio J Services Inst Med Sci Jan ;12(4):170-4.

Objective: To isolate/identify device associated bacteria with their antibiotic sensitivity/resistance patterns in 2015 and to compare them with such 2010 results. Further the impact of MSDS on device associated infections. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out by the Microbiology Laboratory on devices or device-associated samples from intensive care units of Services Hospital Lahore in 2015. Bacteria were identified and their antibiotic sensitivities/resistance were tested. Results: Samples submitted by ICUs were 446 with 302 from devices. Tracheal samples were 189(62.6%) whereas CV tips (30%)and Folleys catheter (4.3%). Growth positive samples were 219 (72%). Non fermentors comprised 54 % isolates with Acinetobacter predominating (33%) followed by Pseudomonas(21.8%). Enterobacteriaceae were 44% with E coli(16%) Klebsiella (12%) Proteus (10.7%) and Citrobacter (5.9%). Gram positive isolates comprised (n=23) isolates. Oxacillin resistant were (n=4). Acinetobacters (n=20) Pseudomonas (n=15) and Enterobactericeae (n=18)with Klebsiella (n=12) were resistant to all drugs tested. ESBLs were 14. Conclusion: DAIs are a serious threat in ICU. Surveillance Programmes should be carried out under guidance of INICC.

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