Nighat Naseem, Kaleem-ud din Malik, Rozina Jaffar, Muhammad Tayyab.
Prevalence of Fetomaternal Hemorrhage and its Quantification in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy.
Esculapio J Services Inst Med Sci Jan ;8(3):129-32.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to find out the prevalence of fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH) and its quantification in the third trimester of pregnancy. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from April 1999 to April 2000. 500 females in the third trimester of pregnancy were selected from the outdoor of Obstetrics/Gynecology of Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Lahore. Kleihauer's acid elution test was done to see the prevalence of FMH and the hematological parameters performed were hemoglobin estimation and blood groups of patients. Results: Out of 500, 384 subjects were multigravida (76.8%) and 116 subjects were primigravida (23.2%). They were further evaluated under the following headings. (1) i) Multigravida (MG) without risk factors. ii) Multigravida with risk factors. 2) i) Primigravida (PG) without risk factors. ii) Primigravida with risk factors. Conclusions: The prevalence of FMH is 5.6%, with MG 5.3% and PG 6.5% and the volume of FMH was in the range of 0.2-2 ml.

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