Akhunzada Muhammad Aftab, Misbah Durrani, Asif, Awais Rauf, Farzana, Mustafaf Iqbal.
A Study of Prevalence of Risk Factors in Patients with Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (Na- Aion).
Ophthalmol Update Jan ;13(2):56-8.

Purpose: To estimate prevalence of risk factors in patients diagnosed with Non- Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropath (NA- AION). Methods: This was a retrospective chart review of patients admitted and diagnosed as NA- AION. Patients with other optic nerve diseases like Diabetic Papillitis and patients with signs of Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (like raised ESR and CRP) were excluded from the study. Hematological investigations, clinical data like fundus photos and radiological investigations were evaluated to detect associated risk factors. Results: A total of 24 subjects were included in the study. Total number of males was 15 (62.5%), while 9 (37.5%) were females. Mean age at presentation was 57 years (Range 19- 60 years). Total number of diabetics alone were 2 (8.3%), Hypertensive were only 3 patients(12.5%) while 14 (58.3%) suffered both from diabetes and hypertension. 5 (20.8%) were neither diabetics nor hypertensive. Patients with hyper lipidemia were 10 (41.6 %). Echocardiography revealed abnormalities including diastolic dysfunction (DF) in 15 (62.5%), mitral regurgitation (MR) in 3 (12.5%), aortic regurgitation (AR) in 2 (8.3%), mitral valve prolapse (MVP) in 1 (4%), while 8 (34%) patients had a normal study. One (4%) patient was found to be Protein C deficient, 1 (4%) was Protein S deficient and 1 (4%) patient had both Protein C and S deficiency. Small optic discs were seen in 18 (75%) patients. Conclusion: Diabetes, Hypertension and a small disc size are the most common risk factors associated with NA-AION in our setup.

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