Aftab Imtiaz.
Comparison of equipotent doses of Butorphanol and Pethidine for Intraoperative Analgesia, Postoperative requirement and its Adverse Effects.
Ann Abbasi Shaheed Hosp Karachi Med Dent Coll Jan ;7(2):359-64.

This double blind randomized study was conducted in forty ASA I and ASA II patients aged 20 to 60 years, scheduled for total abdominal hysterectomy. Butorphanol 20 micrograms/ Kilogram proved to be an adequate analgesic supplement to nitrous oxide, oxygen and relaxant anaesthesia with 0.5% halothane, for total abdominal hysterectomy surgery in the majority of our patients. The patients remained stable intraoperatively, excessive cardiovascular response to surgical stimuli, were sufficiently suppressed and the technique provided satisfactory analgesia in the postoperative period. Recovery of consciousness and spontaneous ventilation presented no problem and the incidence of side effects was no different from pethidine.

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