Waheed Ul Hameed, Waheed ul Hameed.
Cephalometric evaluation of Maxillary Retrognathism cases treated with FR-3 appliance.
Pak Oral Dental J Jan ;22(1):25-30.

The purpose of this evaluation was to evaluate the efficiency of FR-3 appliance on functional class3 malocclusion cases. A total of 20 functional class-3 cases were chosen from a general clinic intake. 10 of the 20 cases formed the treatment group while 10 untreated patients were taken as a control group. Patients that were treated with FR-3 had the following characteristics. Class-3 with maxillary deficiency, Functional anterior X-Bite, Absence of anterior open bite and Patients in mixed dentition The mean age in treatment group was 8.7 ± .047 years and 8.74 t 1.65 years in the control group. The observation period was one year for both groups. RESULTS: Sagittal forward growth stimulation was not observed in maxilla Mandibular growth was redirected in vertical direction The SNB angle decreased in that mandible rotated downward and backward The ANB angle increased There was an increase in total and lower anterior facial height and reduction in the overbite. Another skeletal change observed was the increase in the cranial flexure angle. Improved dental results were a significant amount of overjet increase and decrease in IMPA. There was also a beneficial effect on the soft tissue profile.

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