Mohammad Arif, Muhammad Usman, Farah Yousuf.
MYOPIA: Increasing Prevalence in Children & Adolescents (Current Concept).
Ophthalmol Update Jan ;15(2):71-3.

Objective: To study prevalence and degree of myopia in children and young adults .To find out the ratio of amblyopia in the same group of patients and its correlation to axial length. Methodology: A prospective case controlled longitudinal pilot study was conducted at Kuwait Teaching Hospital, Peshawar Mmedical College from 1st august-30th November 2016. In group one 36 patients were enrolled with myopia between age group 5-25 years after screening 500 patients in the same age group in eye OPD. In second group 13 patients with myopia were selected from a group of 97 school going children from an orphanage between the age of 5-14 years sent for visual assessment to eye OPD. Brief history was taken. Visual acuity was recorded. Refraction was done with auto-refractor. Axial length, ACD, VIT depth, were recorded. Amlyopia if present was also recorded. Results: From first group 36 (7.2%) had myopia. Mean age was-14.99 years-, ranging from 5-25 years, median 18 years, 19 were male and 17 were female. Best corrected visual acuity was 6/6 in both eyes 14 patients. Anisometropes were 5, Amblyopia was present in 7 patients. Final refraction revealed high myopia in 17 patients. 11 patients had moderate myopia and low myopia in 8 patients. Mean axial length was in range of 22-27mm. In second group from an orphanage 13(13.4 %) children had mild myopia. No amblyopia was detected in this group. Conclusion: There is increasing trend in frequency of myopia in young adults and children because of variable factors, which need to be further investigated.

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