Saeed-uzzaman, Azam M, Aftab M.
Assessment of Different Causes of Haematemesis in patients with Chronic Liver Disease.
Pak J Med Health Sci Jan ;8(3):565-8.

Aim: To evaluate the frequency of different lesion as a cause of upper gastro Intestinal bleed in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods: This study was carried out in medical unit-1, over a span of one year. During this period two hundred (200) patients presented with active haematemesis or recent H/O upper GI bleed. The source of bleeding was determined by early endoscopy in all cases. Diagnosis of portal hypertension was based on the finding of varices whether gastric/esophageal and portal gastropathy, during EGD. Results: Frequency of upper GI bleed was found to be maximum with esophageal varices and out of 200 patients, 103 patients had variceal bleed. Second most common cause of haematemesis was the presence of acute mucosal lesion with varices and number of patients was forty-three (43). Third lesion was found to be the fundal varix as a cause of upper GI bleed and 27 patients had fundal varices as the cause of UGIB. Conclusion: Patients with liver cirrhosis and upper gastrointestinal bleeding have haematemesis from variety of lesions. In this study bleeding from esophageal varices is 51.5%, 13.5% have bleed from fundal varix while the rest from combined lesion which is 21.5%.

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