Hani Gull Qaisrani, Muhammad Arshad Hussain, Memoona Ali, Gull Hani Qaisrani, Sarwat Rizvi.
Role of 1st Trimester Ultrasonography in Detecting Fetal Abnormalities versus 20 Weeks Scan in High Risk Women.
Pak J Med Health Sci Jan ;7(4):1170-3.

Aim: To find the role of first trimester USG in detecting fetal anomalies by taking 20 weeks scan as standard. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at Gynaecology & Obstetrics, Lady Willingdon Hospital, Unit 3, Lahore from 4th April 2012 to 3rd Oct 2012. Six hundred and fifty cases were taken to evaluate the role of 11-14 weeks scan in the diagnosis of fetal abnormalities in high risk women by taking 20 weeks gestation as gold standard. Results: Majority of the women were between 21-25 years, with the mean age of 28.40±2.35 years Anomalies mostly were detected at 12+1-13 weeks. Prevalence of anomaly found is 11.69%.The most common anomaly detected was anencephaly. Cases by fetal anomalies includes, 21 (3.2%) fetuses with anencephaly, 5 (0.8%) encephalocele, 10 (1.5%) cystic hygroma, 5 (0.8%) omphalocele with increased nuchal translucency, 7 (1.1%) gastroschisis, 4 (0.6%) megacystitis, 3 (0.5%) multicystic kidney disease and 2 (0.3%) cardiac anomaly. Total anomalies detected were 75 (11.5%). The total number of normal fetuses is 575 (88.4%). Thirteen anomalous fetuses were not detected in the first trimester USG. Three fetuses were with multicystic kidney disease, three with anencephaly + spina bifida, one with hydrocephalus, two with cardiac anomalies, two cystic hygroma with intra-abdominal cysts and two with Megacystis. Their detection percentage at first trimester corresponds to 0%, 57.1%, 50%, 0%, 33.3% and 50% respectively. Fetal anomaly detection through first trimester USG had a sensitivity of 82.66%, the specificity 100%, positive predictive value of first trimester scan 100%, negative predictive value of 97.78% and diagnostic accuracy of 98%. Conclusion: First trimester USG is effective in detecting fetal anomaly.

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