Waseem Ahsen, Muhammad Waqar Rehan, Ghazanfar Ali Sirhindi.
Diagnostic Efficacy and Safety of Capsule Endoscopy in Obscure Gastrointestinal Bleeding: an Experience from Pakistan.
Pak J Med Health Sci Jan ;12(2):654-6.

Background: Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) accounts for 5 % of all cases of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) and is mostly due to lesions of small bowel. The CE (capsule endoscopy) that allows non-invasive visualization of small bowel mucosa has transformed OGIB evaluation. Aim: To assess the efficacy of capsule endoscopy among patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out at Islam Teaching Hospital Sialkot and Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore from 1st July 2017 to 31st December 2017. Twenty one patients presenting with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding were included in the study. Patients with history of severe intestinal obstruction were excluded. Activation of capsule was made before ingesting and recording was started. Results: Among 21 patients, 52.4% were males and mean age of the patients was 55.26 +-18.7 years. 66.7% patients had occult gastrointestinal bleeding, mean transit time from stomach to duodenum was 51.84 +-50.15 minutes and mean intestinal transit time was 289.8 +-75.57 minutes. As per upper GI endoscopy, 14.3% patients had pangastritis and according to lower GI endoscopy, 23.8% patients had arteriovenous malformation. Among patients, 28.7% had ulceration & bleeding distal ileum and 23.9% had non bleeding arteriovenous malformations. Conclusion: Study concluded that capsule endoscopy is safe and effective examination for small bowel and should be used for patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.

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