Riffat Tanveer, Sehrish Khan, Asad Khan.
Persistent left superior vena cava draining into the left atrium - a case report.
Pak Heart J Jan ;50(4):257-60.

Twenty two years young female presented with shortness of breath, palpitations and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea (PND) in outpatient department. Her Past history of rheumatic fever was positive. She had irregular pulse, heaving apex beat and raised JVP. Pansystolic murmur present in mitral area and axilla. ASOT was 300 but TLC was normal. Echocardiogram showed severe mitral regurgitation. She was planned for mitral valve replacement. Intra-operative trans-esophageal echocardiography (TEE) showed persistent left superior vena-cava (PLSVC) that was opening into the left atrium. TEE findings of PLSVC opening in LA were confirmed as excessive blood was flowing in LA after opening the left atrium. A vent was placed in LA due to excessive blood flow.We also put a suction catheter and were then able to proceed further and the mitral valve then replaced. Patient was discharged on warfarin and digoxin in healthy and stable state.

PakMediNet -Pakistan's largest Database of Pakistani Medical Journals - http://www.pakmedinet.com