Sayed Fayaz Mujtaba, Tahir Saghir, Khalid Naseeb, Jawaid Akbar, Sial Nadeem H Rizvi.
Comparison of radiation and contrast safety between radial and femoral approaches in patients undergoing coronary catheterization.
Pak Heart J Jan ;51(2):99-103.

Objective: To compare radiation and contrast safety between radial and femoral approaches in patients undergoing coronary catheterization. Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted at National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi from June 2014 to June 2015. Patients of either gender and any age undergoing cardiac catheterization procedures were included in the study. Fluoroscopy time was measured in min and contrast amount was measured in terms of milliliter (ml). Procedures were divided in 2 groups on basis of access sites [(femoral (f-CA) and radial (r-CA)]. Procedures were performed by different operators with different level of expertise and were grouped into three (consultants, senior registrar and post fellow trainees).Procedures were categorized into two groups depending on the nature of procedure (coronary angiography, elective PCI). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS-20. Results: A total of 957 patients were included in this study out of which 731 were diagnostic coronary angiograms and 226 were percutaneous coronary intervention. Among patients in coronary angiography group, mean age was 53.97+10.748 years. Mean fluoroscopic time was 4.175+4.13 min. About 671(79%) were f-CA and 70 (21%) were r-CA. Significant difference in fluoroscopy time was observed in patients who underwent r-CA as compared to the f-CA group (p=0.003). Mean contrast volume was 78.54+ 24.54 ml. No significant difference was found in two groups (p=0.454). Out of 226 PCI, 163 were f-PCI (72.12%) and 63 (27.86%) were r-PCI. Mean fluoroscopic time was 9.613+6.072 min. No significant difference in fluoroscopy time was observed inpatients who underwent r-CA as compared to the f-CA group (p=0.129). Mean contrast volume was 147.82 44.83 ml. No significant difference was found in two groups (p=0.248). Conclusion: Fluoroscopy time of patients undergoing radial angiography was significantly increased than femoral route. No such difference was observed for PCI. Contrast amount used was similar in two groups of patient undergoing angiography or angioplasty.

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