Tayyaba Noor, Atika Zubair Aslam, Muhammad Afzal Bhatti, Shazia Rizwan, Waqas Ali, Muhammad Rizwan Waseem.
Prevalence and Outcome of Pneumonia in Children with Measles.
Pak J Med Health Sci Jan ;13(2):213-8.

Background: Measles still remains as one of the major causes of childhood morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Vaccinated individuals infected with measles can develop nodular pneumonia. The measles virus can infect individuals with waning immunity. Methods: All patients presenting with clinical diagnosis of measles were enrolled. Children were examined for pneumonia. The severity of illness was later on compared with the outcome in terms of hospital stay or treatment on OPD basis. Indoor treatment included intravenous fluids, antipyretics, antibiotics and Vitamin A and zinc supplementation. Results: Out of 140 Measles patients enrolled, 64 (45.7%) got pneumonia. There were 40 males and 24 females. Out of 64 patients, 22 received two doses of measles vaccine, 17 had 1 dose and 25 were not vaccinated at all. Out of 64 children diagnosed with pneumonia, 19 were treated on OPD basis while 45 were admitted. Out of them, 43 were discharged, 1 patient left against medical advice and 1 expired due to fulminant pneumonia. Conclusion: The chances of pneumonia in children with measles are high. If not treated well then severe outcome can occur. Appropriate surveillance and management are necessary for health and benefit of diseased child.

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