Farhana Jabeen Shah, Syeda Lala Rukh Saba Shah, Syeda Gul Rukh Saba Shah.
Association of Life Style Factors in patients Having Head and Neck Carcinomas Visiting Dental Hospitals.
Pak J Med Health Sci Jan ;12(4):1676-8.

Aim: To determine the frequency of life style factors of head and neck cancer patients visiting tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar and to establish the association between life style factors and head and neck cancer. Method : This case control study was carried out at Oral Maxillofacial Dental Hospitals, Peshawar and Lahore over a period of six months from September 2017 to February 2018. One thousand samples (200 cases and 800 controls) were included. Cases include both genders of age 40-70 years, diagnosed clinically and histopathologically; visiting OPDs of oral maxillofacial department of dental hospitals and controls include both genders, without head and neck cancers were included. Patients who have any medical history of other cancers, congenital anomalies, blood dyscrasias, immune system disorders and other systemic disorders were excluded. Results: Demographic characteristics showed that cases had a lower proportion of literates (21.5%) compared to controls (79%); majority lived in rural areas (75.5%) and had a lower income below 30,000 rupees (80.5%). Cases were more likely to smoke (47.5%) compared to controls (21.3%) and a similar pattern can be seen in smokeless tobacco (36.5%) in cases against (26.5%). Overall the use of cannabis was low 1% in cases and 0.6% in controls respectively, however, their use was found to be higher in cases compared to controls. Cases having head and neck cancer were 3 times (OR = 3.3) more likely to be smokers and as compare to 1.6 times more likely to use smokeless tobacco (OR =1.6) and cannabis Conclusion: Life style factors affect carcinoma head and neck more as compare to other factors.

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