Adnan Aslam Saleem, Sorath Noorani Siddiqui, Hassan Mansoor, Sarah Iqbal, Muhammad Asif.
A Clinic-Based study of patients with Strabismus in Pediatric age Group.
Al-Shifa J Ophthalmol Jan ;14(4):183-90.

Objective: This cross-sectional observational study to determine the distribution and pattern of strabismus in children seen at a tertiary care pediatric eye care unit. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in Al-Shifa Trust Eye hospital Rawalpindi, Pakistan from March 2013 to July 2014. During this period, a total of 711 children, aged 1-12 years were evaluated. All children underwent complete ophthalmic examination including cycloplegic refraction. Results: Out of the 711 children, 47 % (334) were girls and 53 % (377) were boys. 56.1 % (399) children had esodeviations whereas 32.3% (230) had exodeviations. In esotropic children, constant esotropia accounted for 41.9 % cases, 14.2 % cases had infantile esotropia whereas 1.3 % had intermittent esotropia. The most common cause of constant esotropia was refractive accommodative esotropia. Non-accommodative (basic) esotropia was the second most common esodeviations. 145 (20.4 %) cases had constant exotropia and 85 (12 %) cases had intermittent exotropia. The basic type (50.6 %) was the most common presentation of intermittent exotropia. 41.1 % of the cases diagnosed with intermittent exotropia had convergence insufficiency. 7.7 % were diagnosed with pseudo-strabismus. Incomitant strabismus was less common in this population; causes included of 6th nerve palsy, Monocular Elevation Defect, Congenital Fibrosis of Extraocuolar Muscles and Duane Syndrome. Conclusion: Constant esotropia, congenital esotropia and constant exotropia were the most common form of deviations noted in our pediatric population. It is vital to promote public education on the significance of early detection of strabismus.

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