Anila Ansar, Ansar Latif, Arooj Zahra, Tariq Mukhtar Farani.
Elective and emergency caesarean section: analysis of fetal morbidity in a teaching hospital.
Pak J Med Health Sci Jan ;13(4):773-5.

Aim : To analyse the complications and its involved factors amongst the fetuses born after caesarean delivery in elective and emergency settings. Study Design: Prospective Study. Place and Time of study : Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics , Khawaja Muhammad Safdar Medical College, Sialkot from May 201 7 to July 201 9. Methods: Between May 2017 and July 2019; A total of 14000 patients presenting to obstetric department for either elective caesarean section or in labour room and thus landing in caesarean section. These patients were grouped in group and II depending upon their indication of surgery was elective or emergency. Amongst fetal data, the fetuses were segregated in those requiring admission and those who were sent home after neonatal resuscitation and vaccination. Data were collected both in the admitted cases and OPD follow -up visits and some families were consulted on telephone to complete the proformas prepared for data entry and analyzing fetal complications. The data of those fetuses were excluded who did not report after 3 months or could not be contacted on phone. Minimum 3 months follow up was mandatory for inclusion in the study. Results : Our study include 12086 fetuses born through C –section, out them 3993 born through elective C -section and 80693 born through emergency C-section. Those who require admission in nursery the ratio is 1:3 more admission is required by the fetus born through emergency C - section. Those fetuses who required average hospitalization the ratio was 1:4 more admission were required by the babies who born through emergency C - section. The fetus es having URTI the ratio of admission were 1:2, those having ear infection the ratio of affected fetuses was 1:2, those who were having skin infection was showing 1:2 proportion of admission, those who have congenital cardiac malformation show equal ratio 1:1 and those who under went sepsis after birth the ratio between emergency and elective C -section were 1:3 the fetal mortality in elective and emergency C-section were 1:4. Conclusion: Morbidity is much higher in fetuses born after emergency Ceasarean Section than elective Cesarean Section. The factors being un-booked patients and a bit compromised preoperative workup and associated uncontrolled medical conditions in the mothers lead to increased fetal complications.

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