Muhammad Yasin, Nasir Mahmood, Syed Ahmed Saeed Naqvi, Hamid Nisar Khan, Amir Suleman, Halima Sadia, Faheem Jan.
Risk Factors for Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis at Tertiary care hospital.
Pak J Chest Med Jan ;25(4):151-5.

Background: The incidence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is very high in Pakistan considering the fact that Pakistan is one of the few countries with a high burden of tuberculosis - both drug susceptible and drug resistant tuberculosis. Objective: This study focused on the risk factors leading to development of MDR-TB in patients diagnosed with tuberculosis. Methodology: This was a case control study to evaluate the demographic, social, and clinic behavioral risk factors for MDR-TB in patients diagnosed with tuberculosis. Structured questionnaire and review of clinical records were used to collect data for this study which was entered into and analyzed using SPSS 20. Multi-variate logistic regression was used to determine independent risk factors affecting the outcome in patients with tuberculosis. P<= 0.05 was taken to be significant. Results: There were 180 study participants divided into two groups of 90 each. Age, close quarter living, treatment with anti-tubercular drugs in the past and diabetes mellitus were found to be independently associated with development of multi drug resistant tuberculosis. Conclusion: Active case finding strategies for diagnosis and management of multi drug resistant tuberculosis should focus on younger patients, patients who have been treated in the past for tuberculosis and those who live in overcrowded places.

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