Mukhtiar Ali, Bayazeed, Waseeq Ullah, Abbas Ali Raza, Nazia Shahana, Jalil Khan.
Prevalence of hypothyroidism in patients with cholelithiasis: a cross sectional study.
Pak J Surg Jan ;36(1):9-14.

Introduction: Cholelithiasis is a common pathology of the gall bladder affecting about 10 to 15% of the adults. More than 80% of the patients with cholelithiasis are asymptomatic. Hypothyroidism is one of the endocrine disorders and is believed to cause gall stone formation due to the hyperlipidemia, motility disorders affecting the bile duct and sphincter of Oddi. Th e aim of our study is to determine the prevalence of hypothyroidism in patients with cholelithiasis admitt ed in tertiary care hospital. Material and Methods: Th is was a descriptive cross sectional study conducted at Department of Surgery, Mardan Medical Complex and Mardan Teaching Institutions, Mardan, Pakistan from May 2018 to April 2019 for duration of one year. Th e sample size was 174 and consecutive non-probability sampling technique was used for the sampling. All the patients presenting with cholelithiasis diagnosed on the basis of ultrasonography, with age 20 to 70 years, included in the study. All the data like age, gender, height weight, BMI, hypothyroidism were recorded in a pre-designed proforma. All the data was analyzed in SPSS version 20. Mean and standard deviation was calculated for numerical variables and frequencies and percentages were calculated for qualitative variables. Chi square test for categorical variables was applied with p-value of < 0.05 as significant. Results: The mean and standard deviation of age, height, weight and BMI were 41.66 +- 13, 165.15 +- 11.35, 68.17+-11.95 and 25.69 +-7.19 respectively. Out of 174-patients with cholelithiasis, 47.1% patients were from the age group 41-50 years.14.4% patients were hypothyroid pre-dominantly females. Among 97-female patients 20 (20.6%) were hypothyroid and among 77-male patients 5 (6.5%) were hypothyroid. Hypothyroidism in male and female was statistically significant. Conclusions: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between hypothyroidism and cholelithiasis. It was concluded that hypothyroidism was more common in female, obese and elder patients. The gender distribution of the hypothyroidism in patients with cholelithiasis was statistically significant while all other variables were statistically not significant.

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