Nazia Khursheed, Pushpa Bhawan Mal, Momal Taimoor.
Frequency of isolation and susceptibility pattern of E. coli from in and outpatients over a period of five years at the Indus Hospital Network, Karachi Pakistan..
J Pak Med Assoc Jan ;70(9):1587-90.

To determine the frequency of isolation and susceptibility pattern of Escherichia coli at a urban health centre. The retrospective study was conducted at the Indus Hospital Network, Karachi, and comprised Enterobacteriaceae isolates obtained from urine, blood and routine culture from patients presenting between 2013 and 2017. The samples were evaluated for resistance patterns against a range of antibiotics and frequency of isolation was determined. Data was analysed using SPSS version 21.0. Of the 10,667 isolates analysed, 6380(60%) were Escherichia coli. Outpatient and inpatient isolates constituted 4184(65.6%) and 2196(34.4%) of the total E. coli isolates respectively. Of the 1446(22.66%) isolates obtained from urine, 1007(59.64%) had E. coli which was the highest isolation rate among all types of samples. There was a significant difference in resistance rates between inpatient and outpatient isolates for first-line and second-line injectable and oral antibiotics (p<0.05). Escherichia coli isolates showed high resistance towards co-amoxiclav, ampicillin, ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin, leaving little empirical options for treating outpatients.

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