Murli Manohar, Amjad Sattar, Sohail Ahmed Khan, Hatem Adel.
Frequency of different ultrasonographic patterns in patients presenting with acute scrotum.
Pak J Radiol Jan ;28(2):124-7.

Background: Acute scrotum is sudden onset of swelling and pain in the scrotum or its contents, accompanied by local signs or general symptoms and is commonly due to testicular torsion, epididymitis, orchitis or epididymo-orchitis. The difficulty arises due to the similarities between the presentations. It is important to recognize sonograpic patterns of acute scrotum to reduce the need of exploratory surgery. Objective: To determine the frequency of different ultrasonographic patterns in patients presenting with acute scrotum. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Dow Institute of Radiology, Dow University of Health Sciences from 20th April 2016 till 20th October 2016. Male patients aged 16-45 years presenting with acute scrotum within 24 hours underwent scrotal ultrasound with color doppler imaging. Comparative axial and sagittal views of each scrotum were obtained. Images were interpreted by two radiologists in terms of echotexture, echogenicity, size of testes, hydrocele and blood flow of testes and epididymis by color doppler study. Results: Mean age of the patients was 31.82 +- 10.86 years. There were majority 89 (37.7%) of the patients with <=30 years of age. Heterogenous echotexture of testes was found in 127 (53.8%), epididymal enlargement in 205 (39.4%), hydrocele 166 (70.3%), increased degree of blood flow in testes 172 (72.9%) and increased degree of blood flow in epididymis was observed in 173 (73.3%) patients. Conclusion: Heterogeneous echotexture of the testes, the presence of epididymal enlargement, hydrocele, increased blood flow within the testes and epididymis were frequently observed sonographic patterns in patients with acute scrotum.

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