Saadia Perwaiz, Muhammad Waqar Afzal, Ghulam Fatima.
Quantification of Strength of Wrist Flexors by Hand-Held Dynamometer with Respect to Grades of Manual Muscle Testing in Young Females.
J Riphah Coll Rehab Sci Jan ;9(1):36-40.

Objective: To quantify the strength of dominant and non-dominant wrist flexors with respect to grades of manual muscle testing in young healthy females of different age group. Methods: In this cross-sectional study 300 young healthy females in the age of 18-39 years were enlisted. The sampling technique employed was non-probability convenience sampling. The strength of dominant and non-dominant wrist flexors of young females was quantified through manual muscle testing and hydraulic Hand-Held dynamometer. The strength measured by dynamometer was then evaluated and formulated in accordance with grade 4 and 5 in three different age groups. The SPSS version 25 was used for data analysis and the values were formulated by comparing mean values of the quantitative strengths with respect to grades in respective age group through independent sample t-test. Results: In dominant side 182 (60.70%) participants had normal muscle strength with quantitative mean as 7.24 kg and range of dynamometrical measures was 3.63-15.65kg, the muscle strength of 118 (39.30 %) participants was in grade 4 with quantitative mean to be 6.55 1.42kg minimum-maximum range of strength was 3.17-11.68kg;. In non-dominant side 183 (61.00%) participants were in grade 5 with dynamometric mean as 7.05 kg and range of variation of muscle strength was 3.17-11.45kg. 117 (39.00%) participants were found to have strength of wrist flexors in grade 4, with dynamometric mean as 6.40 kilogram and minimum-maximum range varying between 2.95-11.68kg. Conclusion: The available range of strength measured by dynamometer in dominant and non-dominant wrist flexors of young healthy females showed overlap between grade 4 and 5 revealed by minimum and maximum ranges across both grades. A significant number of normal healthy population had weaker wrist flexors. The dominant side was stronger as compared to non-dominant. Keywords: Muscle Strength Dynamometer, Muscle strength, Wrist flexors.

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