Ghazala Jaffery, Waqar Hussain, Muhammad Tayyab, Sajid Magbool.
Serum Immunoglobulin and Complement Levels in Pediatric patients of Nephrotic Syndrome.
Pak Paed J Jan ;24(4):139-43.

Serum Immunoglobulins and complement C3 and C4 levels were determined in paediatric patients of nephrotic syndrome (NS) during relapse. Twenty-four diagnosed cases of NS admitted in hospital were investigated. Both male and female patients <12 years of age were included in the study. Serum IgG, IgA, IgM and complement C3 and C4 levels were estimated using single radial immunodiffusion (SKID) technique. Mean serum IgG level in the patients was 5.3 ± 3.23 g/L. It was significantly decreased when compared with the control value (8.5 g/L, p<0.001). Mean serum IgA level, 0.88 ± 0.29 g/L was not significantly different from the control value (0.77 g/L). However serum 1gM level in the patients was 1.84 ± 0.86 g/L and was significantly increased when cmpared with the control value (1.11 g/L, p<0.001). Serum C3 and C4 levels were 1389.96 ± 490.72 mg/L and 357.65 ± 204.61 mg/L respectively. They were not significantly different from the control values. It is thus concluded that in children with NS, during relapse serum IgG level is markedly decreased, serum 1gA remains unchanged while serum IgM level is significantly increased. Serum complement C3 and C4 levels are not altered. Decrease in scrum IgG during relapse may be responsible for some of the complications associated with NS.

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