Aslam M, Gulam Raza Baloch, Waqar Hussain, Asima Naheed, Akbar Malik.
Clinical spectrum of infants of diabetic mothers in hospitalized deliveries at Lahore.
Pak J Pathol Jan ;12(1):5-8.

Objectives: To evaluate congenital malformations, clinical problems, biochemical manifestations and outcome of infants of diabetic mothers in the hospital setting. Setting: Tertiary care university teaching hospitals. Methods: All mothers having diabetes mellitus at term were included in this prospective study from 1st Jan 1997 to 30th Dec. 1999. The cohort deliveries were attended and followed by experienced registrar and help was taken from the concerned consultant when indicated, All these newborns were followed in nursery and in perinatal ward. Babies having clinical and/or biochemical abnormalities were followed in neonatal intensive care center of the respective hospitals, Results: A total of 1530 fullterm newborns were registered, out of which 84(6%) were infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs). Gestational diabetes was documented in 63(75%) mothers whereas established diabetes mellitus was present in 21(25%) of the diabetic mothers. Congenital anomalies were seen in 11(13%) of the IDMs, among them congenital heart disease was the most common congenital anomaly, Hypoglycemia was noted in 38(45%) IDMs. out of which only 47% were symptomatic. Out of these 84 IDMs, 8(8%) babies died, Rest of them were discharged from the hospital. Conclusion and recommendation: Women having diabetes mellitus or gestational diabetes form a significant percentage of the total pregnancies, They require more attention for meticulous control of hypoglycemia. All such pregnancies should be delivered in the hospital.

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