Sumaira Arif, Maryam Firdous, Ayesha Babar Kawish, Sohail Ahmad, Saifullah.
Assessment of Stereopsis with TNO Stereo-acuity Test among Refractive Error patients.
Al-Shifa J Ophthalmol Jan ;17(2):77-84.

Purpose: To evaluate stereopsis in refractive error patients with TNO stereo acuity test and to compare Stereopsis values in patients with glasses and without glasses. Materials and Methods: This Cross-sectional study were conducted among three sixty patients who have refractive error. Auto-refraction, best corrected visual acuity and stereopsis were measured. Convenient nonrandom Sampling technique is used for collecting sample. The level of stereopsis was divided into no stereopsis, abnormal, equivocal and normal for refractive error patients. Data was collected from general OPD of Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital and analyzed by SPSS version 17. Paired simple t test was used to evaluate stereopsis before and after glasses. Results: A total of 360 subjects participated in this study. Majority of the participants were female N= 218 (60.6%) while remaining were male N=142 (39.4%). The mean and standard deviation (SD) of these ages ranging from 18 to 30years were 23.9 and u3.8. All participants in the study Presented with mean refractive error was 2.3 (SD+-1.7) with range of u1 to u6.00 Dioptric Sphere (DS) and u0.75 to u4.00Dioptric Cylinder (DC). Conclusion: It was concluded that refractive error greatly reduced the stereo acuity and after the correction of Refractive error the stereo acuity on TNO test was improved statistically significant (p<0.05).

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