Shanza Khan, Ayesha Baber Kawish, Bilal Khalid, Nisma Sehar, Sadaf Qayyum, Fareeha Ayyub.
Association of Consanguinity with Keratoconus among patients Presenting at a Tertiary Eye Care Hospital, Rawalpindi; Case Control Study.
Al-Shifa J Ophthalmol Jan ;17(1):18-23.

Objective: The aim of this study was to find out an association between keratoconus with consanguinity of the parents of the patients and also find out the other risk factors associated with keratoconus. Methodology: This case-control study was conducted over the duration of four months from October 2019 to January 2020 and it included patients who were diagnosed with keratoconus at the cornea department of Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi (ASTEH). The control group included age and sex matched individuals who were randomly selected from patients presenting in general OPD of ASTEH without keratoconus. Study subjects were asked to fill structured questionnaire that included demographic and geographic details, questions on ocular and general health and keratoconus profile history. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 20.A Chi-square test was used to check the association of consanguinity with keratoconus. Results: 115 cases and 230 controls were included in this study among them 52.2% were male in case groups and 48.6% were female in the control group. Majority of the respondents presented with positive ocular allergy in both cases 78.8% and controls 52.4%. There is significant association between the consanguinity and keratoconus with the p value of 0.00. Conclusion: This study concluded that eye rubbing, ocular allergy, consanguinity and having family members with keratoconus emerged as significant risk factors for KC.

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