Shafat Khatoon, Hareem Bin Saleem, Shajee Ahmed Siddique.
Socio-Demographic and Clinical Factors Associated with Poor Glycemic Control among patients of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Presenting at a Tertiary Healthcare Facility.
Ann Pak Inst Med Sci Jan ;19(3):215-9.

Objective: To identify socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with poor glycemic control in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients at a tertiary healthcare facility. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Outpatient department of Medicine, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan, from February 2022 to July 2022, included 246 known type-2 diabetes patients of both genders, aged 18 to 75, with at least three consecutive days of fasting blood glucose (FBG) measurements. We assessed socio-demographic and clinical characteristics and classified glycemic control according to ADA guidelines: FBG between 80-130 mg/dl as good control and FBG above 130 mg/dl as poor control. We recorded the prevalence of good and poor glycemic control and compared them based on various socio-demographic and clinical factors. Results: Among 246 patients, 152 (61.8%) were male, with a mean age of 46.47±11.55 years and a mean BMI of 23.13±5.01 kg/m². The mean diabetes duration was 9.18±7.50 years, and 132 (53.7%) patients had a disease duration > 5 years. Diabetes-related complications were present in 156 (63.4%) patients. Poor glycemic control was found in 137 (55.7%) patients. Significant associations with poor glycemic control were observed for age (p<0.001), educational status (p<0.001), BMI (p=0.002), residential status (p=0.013), family history of diabetes (p<0.001), diabetes duration (p<0.001), and current diabetes medications (p=0.001). Conclusion: A majority (55.7%) of type-2 diabetes patients in our study had poor glycemic control. Factors such as increasing age, BMI, education level, residential status, family history of diabetes, longer disease duration, and current diabetes medications were significantly associated with poor glycemic control.

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